
By C David Gutsche
This revised moment version is a needs to for complex undergraduates and post-graduates learning bio-organic and supramolecular chemistry. It covers a desirable modern subject. Calixarenes are most likely the world's so much available man made molecular baskets. those basket-shaped compounds own the power to carry steel ions, and molecules, of their inside. because of their effortless synthesis from phenols and aldehydes they're receiving more and more broad attention.
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Extra resources for Calixarenes: An Introduction
Example text
Morikawa, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1993, 34; O. Morikawa, R. Ueno, K. Nakajima, K. Kobayashi and H. Konishi, Synthesis 2002, 6, 761. 63 H. Konishi, K. Ohata, O. Morikawa and K. Kobayashi, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1995, 309; H. Konishi, T. Nakamura, O. Kazunobu, K. Kobayashi and O. Morikawa, Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 7383. 64 H. Konishi and Y. Iwasaki, Synlett 1995, 612. 65 B. T. Hayes and R. F. Hunter, Chem. Ind. 1956, 193; B. T. Hayes and R. F. Hunter, J. Appl. Chem. 1958, 8, 743. 38 Chapter 2 His doctoral thesis had already kindled in him an interest in polymer chemistry, so when in 1947 he joined the staff at the University of Mainz he started work on phenol-formaldehyde resins with the particular aim of discerning their structure.
Jpn. 1994, 67, 2125. 48 2-Substituted resorcinols can also be used, including 2-methylresorcinol, 2bromoresorcinol, 2-hydroxyresorcinol (pyrogallol), although 2-nitroresorcinol fails to react. 1). It represents a completely linear, non-convergent approach which, though long and tedious, in principle is amenable to considerable variation through the use of different phenols in each of the individual arylation steps. It is an approach that was subsequently exploited and improved in impressive fashion by Ka¨mmerer and his group at the University of Mainz in Germany.
Georghiou, Z. Li and M. Ashram, ibid. 1998, 63, 3648; S. Chowdhry and P. E. Georghiou, ibid. 2002, 67, 6808. 29 34 Chapter 2 In contrast to the phenol-derived compounds, these compounds contain the OH groups in exo-annular positions. e. 3. 1 Phenol-derived Calixarenes Although the base-induced reaction of p-tert-butylphenol with formaldehyde remains the method of choice for synthesizing the major and minor calixarenes, acid-catalysis under appropriate conditions, also yields a product consisting of cyclic rather than linear oligomers,15 with the large cyclic oligomers present in relatively larger amounts than in the base-induced product.